Research » Nanopowder Synthesis
Nanotechnology belongs to the key innovative technologies for powder production. Ultrasonic spray pyrolysis USP is a versatile method for the formation of nanosized particles of metals, oxides and composites. Our work deals with nanoparticles of Ag, Cu and Au formed by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis using the horizontal and vertical reactor. Furthermore, a direct synthesis of Ru-TiO2 and RuO2-TiO2 nanoparticles with the core and shell structure was investigated. Molar fractions of precursors, solvent type, and the process temperature play the crucial roles in the formation of core and shell structures. Moreover, the influence of the reaction parameters (temperature, residence time, concentration of solution and ultrasonic frequency) on the morphological characteristics of the prepared nanoparticles was studied. A decrease in the solution concentration decreases the final nanoparticle size. An increase in temperature from 150°C to 1000°C leads from an irregular form to a more spherical one. Subsequently, a model of metallic nanoparticle formation from an aerosol droplet could be proposed. Using USP, ideal spherical metallic particles were obtained at temperatures above the melting point. A scanning mobility particle sizer was used for the on-line determination of nanoparticle size distribution. The collection of nanosized particles was performed in an electrostatic field. Nanotechnology belongs to the key innovative technologies for powder production. Ultrasonic spray pyrolysis USP is a versatile method for the formation of nanosized particles of metals, oxides and composites. Our work deals with nanoparticles of Ag, Cu and Au formed by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis using the horizontal and vertical reactor. Furthermore, a direct synthesis of Ru-TiO2 and RuO2-TiO2 nanoparticles with the core and shell structure was investigated. Molar fractions of precursors, solvent type, and the process temperature play the crucial roles in the formation of core and shell structures. Moreover, the influence of the reaction parameters (temperature, residence time, concentration of solution and ultrasonic frequency) on the morphological characteristics of the prepared nanoparticles was studied. A decrease in the solution concentration decreases the final nanoparticle size. An increase in temperature from 150°C to 1000°C leads from an irregular form to a more spherical one. Subsequently, a model of metallic nanoparticle formation from an aerosol droplet could be proposed. Using USP, ideal spherical metallic particles were obtained at temperatures above the melting point. A scanning mobility particle sizer was used for the on-line determination of nanoparticle size distribution. The collection of nanosized particles was performed in an electrostatic field.
Alumni:
- Dr.-Ing. Gözde Alkan
- Dr.-Ing. Jingyue Zhao
- Dr.-Ing. Jelena Bogovic
- Dr.-Ing. Albrecht Schwinger
Project List
Title
Artificial Neural Network modelling of silver nanoparticle formation after thermal decomposition of an aerosol
Type
No information
Sponsorship
DAAD
Duration
01.12.2012 – 31.12.2013
Partner
Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Technical and Business College in Uzice-Serbien
Description
Nanosized particles often exhibit properties distinct from their bulk counterparts, in part because clusters that small have electronic structures that have a high density of states, but not yet continuous bands. Hence the ultimate goal for nanoparticles synthesis is a fully mastered process that enables production of tailor-made nanocrystals with defined chemical and physical properties. However, this goal can only be reached if the underlying processes of silver nanoparticle formation are fully understood.
Title
Designing of nanoparticle morphology in aerosol synthesis
Type
Verbundforschung
Sponsorship
DFG
Duration
01.07.2006 – 31.12.2008
Partner
Description
This study deals with the modelling of the synthesis of nanoscaled metal particles. It was found that the morphology is influenced under different process conditions. The temperature was investigated as an influencing parameter for the thermal decomposition of copper sulphate and silver nitrate. By varying the reaction parameters in the high-temperature reactor, the different aggregate types (spheres, triangles, squares) were generated. The agglomeration was stopped by the choice of the reaction temperature. The model developed described the particle size.
Title
Electromechanical components with new nanoparticle-modified precious metal surfaces – NanoGold
Type
Verbundforschung
Sponsorship
EU
Duration
01.01.2009 – 31.12.2011
Partner
Enthone GmbH-Deutschland, Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe -Deutschland
Description
The objectives are to increase the wear resistance of contacts by nanoparticles, without impairing the ductility of the material and the electrical conductivity as well as the absence of pores of the gold layer through the incorporation of SAM (Self Assembling Molecules) with a lower gold layer thickness.
The IME undertakes the production of nanoparticles with suitable surfaces for the subsequent galvanic process by modification of the nanoparticles during or after production. The goal is the production of nanoscaled oxide particles by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis.
Title
\”LiVe\” lithium battery composite structureserations in South Africa
Type
Verbundforschung
Sponsorship
BMBF
Duration
01.04.2009 – 31.03.2013
Partner
TU Braunschweig, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Universität Erlangen, Leibniz-Universität Hannover, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Westf. Wilhelms-Univ. Münster-Deutschland
Description
The aim and vision of the project is to significantly improve the performance of future high-performance lithium batteries by developing composite electrode layers with customized structuring down to the micro- and nanoscale. The task includes the targeted build-up of the separator/electrolyte layers and the electrolyte/electrode interfaces as well as the process technology, which is the prerequisite for reproducible component production. The expected increase in performance relates equally to power and energy density, capacity, cycle stability and calendar life of the accumulators.
Title
Process design of ultrasonic spray pyrolysis synthesis of RuO2/TiO2 nanoparticles for catalytic application
Type
Grundlagenforschung
Sponsorship
DFG
Duration
01.01.2009 – 31.12.2011
Partner
IPC, RWTH Aachen University-Deutschland; KIT, Karlsruhe-Deutschland
Description
The target of the project was to develop novel process designs of advanced RuO2/TiO2 nanocatalysts using the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method (USP). The use of USP for the synthesis of nanostructured RuO/TiO2 particles from an aqueous or organic metal salt-solution is a completely new approach, because this complex catalytic system comprising both metal support and active mass is obtained in one single step contrary to conventional procedures.
Title
Synthesis of Gold nanoparticles for dental/medical application
Type
No information
Sponsorship
DFG
Duration
01.01.2007 – 31.12.2009
Partner
Zlatarna Celje d.d.-Slovenien, University of Maribor, FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING-Slovenien, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine-Serbien, Zlatarna Celje d.o.o.-Serbien
Description
The aim and vision of the project is to significantly improve the performance of future lithium high-performance batteries by developing composite electrode layers with customized structuring down to the micro and nano range. The task includes the targeted build-up of the separator/electrolyte layers and the electrolyte/electrode interfaces as well as the process technology, which is the prerequisite for reproducible component production. The expected increase in performance relates equally to power and energy density, capacity, cycle stability and calendar life of the accumulators. The consortium is supported and accompanied by several industrial partners. The companies will regularly evaluate the orientation and the results of the project, introduce applied requirements and actively operate and support the technical implementation of successful concepts.
Title
Designing of nanoparticle morphology in aerosol synthesis
Type
No information
Sponsorship
DFG
Duration
01.07.2006 – 31.12.2008
Partner
Description
This project focuses on the designing of the particle morphology in nanopowder synthesis using the ultrasonic aerosol spray method of a precursor solution and subsequent thermo-reactive decomposition. If correctly used, this reaction method results in a product with controlled and uniform particle size, allowing to adjust microporosity, surface roughness and crystal structure. They can be especially designed e.g. for the use as catalytic or sinter-active materials. In order to control a consistency in the morphological characteristics of the obtained powder like particle size or porosity a mixed thermochemical kinetic model will be developed. This model will be capable to explain the formation mechanism of nanosized particles and used to elaborate the process window exemplary for silver
Title
Aerosol Synthesis of Nanoscaled Particles for Catalytic Application
Type
No information
Sponsorship
BMBF
Duration
Partner
Technical University Athens, Istanbul Technical University, C3M University Carlos III, Institute of Technical Science of Serbian, RBI Instrumentation and Measure, NASCATEC, Umicore
Description
The program of controlled and sophisticated powders and films synthesis has been realized in the ITS SASA since past decade. In the framework of this research, the method of aerosol synthesis of nanophased powders and films is developed together with the experimental and pilot set-up using either twin-fluid or ultrasonic (800kHz, 1.3, 1.7 and 2.5 MHz, RBI) atomizers. Moreover, a Pyrosol technique for thin film synthesis through aerosols is developed, too. Based on these techniques, the synthesis of fine, spherical, submicronic powders as well as thin films, either in crystal or amorphous state based on oxides, metals and non-oxides are developed. Based on experimental and pilot setup, a variety of single and complex oxides (ZnO, NiO, SnO2, TiO2, TiO2-Pt, SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, Co3O4, BaTiO3, LiMn2O4, ZnO varistor, HTSC, Ag:HTSC; Gd2O3 :Eu, Y3Al5O12 :Ce phosphors), metal (Ni, Ni-Pd, Ni-Cu, LaNi5, NiAl) and nonoxide (SiC) powders have been synthesized from different precursor solutions by ultrasonic and twin-fluid spray pyrolysis.
DE